Hachiman

Description

Hachiman Type 1 systems were the first discovered and can be found in 3.4% of microbial genomes (N/A) . Hachiman Type 1 systems are encoded by two genes, hamA (annotated as a Domain of Unknown Function, DUF) and hamB (annotated as a helicase) (N/A) . 

More recently, Hachiman Type 2 systems were discovered and appeared to include a third gene, encoded for a DUF protein (HamC) (N/A) .

Molecular mechanism

As far as we are aware, the molecular mechanism is unknown.

Example of genomic structure

The Hachiman is composed of 2 proteins: HamA and HamB.

Here is an example found in the RefSeq database:

The Hachiman system in Vibrio metschnikovii (GCF_009763925.1, NZ_CP046822) is composed of 2 proteins HamA_1 (WP_158137983.1) HamB (WP_158137986.1)

Distribution of the system among prokaryotes

Structure

Experimental validation

      
graph LR;
    Doron_2018[Doron et al., 2018] --> Origin_0
    Origin_0[Bacillus cereus 
KLA13163.1, KLA13162.1] --> Expressed_0[Bacillus subtilis]
    Expressed_0[Bacillus subtilis] ----> SBSphiJ & phi3T & SPbeta & SPR & phi105 & rho14 & phi29
    Payne_2021[Payne et al., 2021] --> Origin_1
    Origin_1[ Hachiman Type II
Sphingopyxis witflariensis 
WP_201791916.1, WP_201791915.1,
WP_088473955.1] --> Expressed_1[Escherichia coli]
    Expressed_1[Escherichia coli] ----> T3 & PVP-SE1
    subgraph Title1[Reference]
        Doron_2018
        Payne_2021
end
    subgraph Title2[System origin]
        Origin_0
        Origin_1
end
    subgraph Title3[Expression species]
        Expressed_0
        Expressed_1
end
    subgraph Title4[Protects against]
        SBSphiJ
        phi3T
        SPbeta
        SPR
        phi105
        rho14
        phi29
        T3
        PVP-SE1
end
    style Title1 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
    style Title2 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
    style Title3 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
    style Title4 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none