Nhi

Contributors: Alba Herrero del Valle

Description

The Nhi (nuclease-helicase immunity) system targets and degrades specific phage DNA replication intermediates (N/A) . Nayeemul Bari et al. showed that Nhi from Staphylococcus epidermidis protects against a diverse panel of staphylococcal phages and Millman et al. showed that a protein Nhi-like (that shares the domain organization with Nhi but not the sequence) from Bacillus cereus protects against some Bacillus phages (N/A, N/A) .

Molecular mechanisms

Nhi contains two domains, a nuclease and a helicase domain that are both needed for the anti-phage activity. The nuclease domain has 3′–5′ exonuclease and plasmid nicking activities while the helicase unwinds dsDNA biderctionally. Nhi specifically recognizes phage single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB) that cover the phage genome to target this DNA for degradation thanks to its helicase and nuclease domains (N/A) .

Example of genomic structure

The Nhi is composed of 1 protein: Nhi.

Here is an example found in the RefSeq database:

nhi

The Nhi system in Staphylococcus sp. MZ9 (GCF_018622975.1, NZ_CP076029) is composed of 1 protein: Nhi (WP_045177897.1)

Distribution of the system among prokaryotes

Structure

Experimental validation